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Fusing waterjet, laser for efficiency in CFRP/CMC machining

As carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials proliferate in aircraft engines, space components and hypersonic applications, machining becomes an issue where precision and efficiency can alter program outcomes.

By Ginger Gardiner

Laser MicroJet technology offers high accuracy and speed without heat issues, burring or replacement of cutting tools.

As carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials proliferate in aircraft engines, space components and hypersonic applications, machining becomes an issue where precision and efficiency can alter program outcomes. Trying to machine high-reliability and high-accuracy features into CFRPs and CMCs can be challenging due to their hardness and abrasiveness, resulting in slow machining rates, undesirable effects on material properties, inability to meet parts specifications and high operational costs, including recurring tool replacement.

To meet this challenge, a range of laser technologies have been developed for machining such advanced composites. While lasers offer the potential for increased efficiency and elimination of recurring tool costs, the heat generated dissipates into the material, creating potential for microcracking and material change. Lasers also cut at the focal point of the light beam, resulting in V-shaped cuts that can be problematic for precise tolerances.

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